Two-cycle internal-combustion engine.



Nn. 890,643, PATENTED JUNE 16, H308, E. S. HARTZ EWG GYGLB INTERNAL GGMBUSTION ENGINE.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13, 1507.

ANN.

No. 890,643. PATENTED JUNE 16, 1908.

H. s. HART.

TWO CYCLE INTERNAL GUMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13. 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W/ TNE SSE S ATTORNEYS CTI - gine, of which the following is si full, clear,

, spoot to the ironie determining the direction toting about the coiiiiiion eren series.

v lier., 'ou t also con HER B ERT SELATHEL HART TWO-CYCLE INTERNAL- Speciezttion of Letters atent.

Vijploliozition filed July 13, 1907. Serial No. 383,505.

,oriiiinrson;Wisconsin.

COMBUSTIGN ENGINE.

Eeten'ted. June i6, i968.

To @ZZ .whom it may concern: i

YBe it knomi that i, HERBERT S. HAR-T, a citizen of the United Stetes,and a resident oi Madison, in tlielcounty of Dane end Starte of Vtisconsin, have invented n newend iniproved Two-Cycle internal-Combustion Enn and exact description.

This invention relates to certain ini-provements Ain two-cycle internal combustion engines, and niore particularly to s multiple Cylinder engine, the cylinders of which are srranged inirespeot to ecornnionshaft and so mounted to rotate about the sliu'fta-id shaft being held stationery. i

The object et the invention is to provide ineens, whereof a fuel charge is compressed by the piston `oi each engine,. and whereby this charge is delivered to the Working chenioer ot' the nentlsuccessive cylinder of the .A 'further object of the invention is. to provide a stationery fuel supply chamber adapted to be put in communicationwith the several compression c-hznnbers in succession es the latter arev rotated about the common further object oi the invention is to so Construct the cylinders enti supporting parte that by unholting` euoli cylinder and rotating through e portion oi.t e revolution, the en may be sensed to rotate in the reverse direction, the positions ot the cylinders in roof rotation.

. in my improved. engine the cylinders in rol' slr-uit een-' stitute illy wheei, thus avoiding the neve ty -tor tlio loro 'ision fi? spe-.ciel ineens 'loi :lollitating e. .beter 'y uriornrret ot rot-ef tion. yNoten is e novenient tin ,IY .l their rapid roto.- tion., thus ,i i 1- o.. Witter jacket or other special roo Y ineens is avoided. v inier is so sonst-ruote@ that the f he eisten and rotation. ot' ein control-not onlv inpo of the work' ib' thinnhe snr/plv uni exhaust porte or the eiiinnrf i einher, thus avoiding; the necessiti* fe. vos, other soi, uf' n .oiietiol-i1igi-lie ses l me dinerent pointsin springs, levers,- and the cycle of operation. I preierrtbly provide an odd number oi cylinders, as, for instance, three, and provide the crank shaft with `only a single crank, whereby there is no single kpoint .of dead center.

The engine is very much lighter in Weight than on engine of the saine horse-power constructed along the customary lines, the reduction in Weight being la-roely due to the elimination ol the fly Wheel and ell valves, gears for controlling the operation.

The invention consists in certain features of oonstructil n and combinations 'of parts, all of which will be fully set forth hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims; v

Reference is to be had to the accompany# ing drawings, formino' a, part of this speciiication, in which similar characters of reiferM ence indicate corresponding parts in all the iigures, and in Whic Y.

Figure l is an end View of an engine oonstruote-tl in accordance with my invention.; Fig. 2,is a central section longitudinaily oi" the orunli shaft, und token on the line 2*?, of Figui g Fig. 3 is :i central section token at right angles to the omni; shaft and upon the line .l-43 of Fig. 2; and Fig. e2 is o View of 'the stationery inlet controlling plete;

ln tile specific ii'orin of niy invention illustreteil in the accompanying drawings, .i pro vide three cylinders it), il and l2 3 and eco-li is rigidly scoured Vto a skeleton trarne 'i3 and .mounted to rotate about o stationery nk shaft Email of the cylinders so oonstruc/ted, es to compress :t second incl charge ut the suino time that the fuel charge in the the cylinder is ne@ to ignition. The

The tylinilor secured. to the skeleton trznnointcoj nieciiiitetlio oi. 'tile cylinder, and the portion of larger diameter comprises merely a cylindrical flange 15.

vWithin each cylinder is mounted a piston having a portieri 16 of such a diameter as to iit the smaller portion of the cylinder, and having an outwardly directed ilange 17 forming a portion of larger diameter in engagement With the larger portion of the cylinder. The smaller end of the piston vcooperates with the smaller end ot' the cylinder to form a Working chamber, While the larger portion of the piston coperates With the larger portion of the cylinder to form a compression chamber. Each. piston is provided with a piston rod 13, and all three piston rods are connected to la single crank 19 upon the crank shaft, whereby all of the pistons operate simultaneously, but each piston is always at a di'llerent portion of its stroke than another piston. The skeleton frame is preferably made hollow, whereby it forms the conduits for delivering the gases to and from the compression chambers and to the Working chambers. As shown, the frame comprises three connectnny conduits 20, 21 and 22, each leading from tzhe compression chamber of one cylinder to the working chamber of the next adjacent cylinder', and leading from the central portion of each of the three connecting conduits are three radially disposed conduits 23, 24 and 25, communicating With a hub portion 26 -ournaled upon the crank shaft 14. This hu )ortion cooperates with -a stationary valve late 27 controlling the admission of the fueljcharge to the several radially disposed conduits 23, 24 and 25.v

Each end of each of the connecting conduits 20, 21 and 22 terminates in a plane at right angles to the axis of the adj aeent cylinder, and both ends of each conduit are exactly alike even though one end is connected to the compression chamber and the other end connected to the Working chamber` rl. `he ends ol the conduits are provided with outwardly extending flanges 28, which are adapted to be bolted to corresponding flanges 29 upon the cylinders for rigidly securing the latter in place. The Walls ol each cylinder intermediate its ends are so constructed that there are formed two passages 30 and 3l, the position of the outer ends of these passages cmg symmetrical in. respect to the cylinder,

A -while the inner en d of the passage 3() leads to the compression chamber and the inner end of the )assage 31 leads to the working chamber. d'acent the passage 30, the ortion of 'the cylin er forming the working c iamber ,is provided withan exhaust port 32 and at the outer end ofthe cylinder is provided any suitable igniting means, as, for instance, a

' spark plug 33.

The three radially disposed conduits 23,

24 and 25 communicate at their outer ends` the'time the piston of t y outward to close the passage 31 and the port with the connecting conduits 20, .21 and 22,.

and at their inner ends` terminatem ports 34.

In engagement with the hub portion 26 havl ing these ports, is the valve plate 27, approximately one-half of which is provided with a chamber 35 adapted to communicate with' f the ports 34, and the remaining half rof which comprises a flat plate completely closing the ports When they are in engagement t erewith. The entire valve plate 27 is held vstationary in any suitable manner, as, for instance, by being connected to the sup orts for the stationary crank shaft 14, an livering to the chamber 35 Within the valve plate is a suitable conduit 36 leading from the carburetor or other source of ex lesive the crank s aft 14 and the'valve plate ,27 are rigidly and non-rotatably supported, and 'by the explosions within the wor ring chambers of the several cylinders, the cylinders and skeleton 'trame are caused to rotate about the crank shaft. The explosive mixture is supplied through the conduit 36,to the chamber 35, and as the several ports 34 come suc cessively into communication With this chamber, the charge is drawn into the compression chambers of the yseveral cylinders 'in succession. The compression chambers of the several cylinders receive the explosive 'chargethrough the corresponding connecting is being drawn inwardly. For instance, at

e cylinder 10 starts upon its outward movement, the port 340i the supply conduit 23 communicating therewith is closed and the charge within t e'corn- :uit conduit and radial conduit, While the piston' pression space 1s compressed into the connecting conduit 20 and radial conduit 23. Just previousto the time at which the piston reaches the end of its outward movement, thepiston of the cylinder 11 reaches its innermost position andthexhaust gases escape therefrom through theexhaust post 32, and

the chargeVA compressed in the compression chamber of the cylindenlO and conduits 20 and 23 is delivered through the passage 31 into the Working chamber of the cylinder 11. Upon aiurther rotation,l the piston moves 32, and the charge which has already een compressed 1n the compression chamber of the cylinder l() is further compressed in the Working chamber of the cylinder l until tue time et which it is iO-nited by the spcrli plug of this cylinder. The seine operation is repeated in connection With each ci the other cylinders, namely, the port 3e opens to permit the intake of a charge to the severed compression chambers, and is then closed to permit of a compression of the gas and its delivery into the Working chamber of the next successive cylinder.

Nith the engine constructed 'es illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and with the parts arranged :is shown, it is evident that the engine is nonreyersihle, hut it is also evidentthetthe direction of rotation' in he readily reversed by a slight change in the relative position ojlI certain parts. The outer ends of the pnssitges 30 and 3l are, ey prc yiously stated, symmetrical, and thus to cause the engine to rotate in the opposite direction, all that is necessary is to unholt the several cylinders and pistons sind rotate each about its own exis through en angle or 180 degrees, This would bring the the cylinder into coinn'iunieetion u; f' conduit 22 and the passe" "l of the cylinder i3 L l() into eonunu motion iruh the condon 9o.

dfi th cach of the cylinders thus rc-hoited in its new position, the compression chambers which had previously coinniunicetei'l with the Working cluunhers of the next successive cylinders to the rightV WQllld now coinniunicate with the Working chernh'en e next successivo cylinders to the let 'i the cylinders in either ol' their two positions, there is no possibility of hnel-z-iiriug or ceci ,dental reversal in thc direction of rotzitioi'i,

hut rotation in either direction muy he secured hy the proper adjustment oll the puits.

llerinej thus described my invention, .l claim es new and desire to secure hy Letters Patent:

1. ln a. two-cycle engine, s plurality of cylinders, euch haring e worldnechz'xmher und. e. compressionchumher, seid iforl'n; chmnher having independent inlet und eli-- lutust ports :ind suid compression chumher havingi o common inlet und exhaust port, pistons mounted within said cylinders und com rolling; the inlet und exhaust ports ol' the workingr chmnhers, conduits euch luivirur :in inlet port und connecting the inlet port ol euch working cha-inherwith the port of the compression cheinhcr of another cylinder und revoluhle means for controllingr the inlet ports of all ol' seid conduits.

2. in u tW -cycle engine, e stationeryv crunk shol't, u plurality ol" cylinders rndielly mounted in respect.. thereto und re\,'olul le Lhout the sume und each hzi'viue u oomoi1` sion cluuuher nud :i working che tons mounted withinsuid cylinders eretifely connected to seid shaft, und :i slreleton freine for supporting said cylinde s, said freine including connecting conduits leading troni. the compression chamber ol each cyliuder to the Working chamber of the next successive one `eind radially disposed conduits joining seid connectingconduits intermediate their ends.

.3.n two-cycle engine, a. stationery crank shaft, n plurality of cylinders riulielly mounted in. respect thereto and revoluhle about the ne und euch hevincf'a compres sion cluunher und e, Working chamber, pistons mounted Within said cylinders and op cretively connected to seid slmft, e skeleton freine for supporting seid cylinders, said ironie includingy connecting conduits leading;- lroin the compression chamber ol" eech cylin. der to the Working chamber of the next sucone und radially disposed conduits joining;r seid connectilur conduits interinoditte their ends, ende stutii'inury yalye plate luwinn e chamber therein adapted to coinw rinunce-te with seid radial conduits in succession durinfgjthe revolution oi the engine.

in :i two-cycle engi-ne, u. stetimuuy crsril; shutt, plurality ol cylinders rndiully disposed in respect thereto und reroluhle i iid crunk. shalt und euch hay n l `ion chamber und e working,r clnunhe", pistons operating within seid cylinders', conduits connecting seid cylinders whereby :i i'uel charge compressed in the compression chenihei ol' one cylinder muy he delivered to the Working chun'xhcr oi' the next successive cylinder to he exploded therein, und ineens .Vluirclrv eucu cylinder nifty he rotated through u rmrtiou oll u` revolution to reverse the connection ol the conduits und cuuse e reversal in the direction ol rotation olE the engine. i

5. in :i two-cycle engine, u crunk shalt, n plurality elI cylinders rudiully moui'ited in respect thereto und euch huviuer u. compres-- sion chouiher :1nd u working chumher, pistons mounted within seid cylinders und operatively conueci' to l sziid suzil't, und u skeleton l'ruinc tor supporting said, cylinders, seid l'rzune including conduits lending-j from the compression cluimher ol euch cylinder to the working; chiuulier of the next successive one, und supply conduits eou'ununiinrting with cach et seid connectingr conduits intermediate its ends.

(i. in u two-cycle engine, :i crunk shelit, e plurality ol cylinders radially disposed in rcspect thereto, euch cylinder having u coinpression chmuher und e Working: chumher, pistons operutiuup within seid cylinders, con duits connecting seid cylinders, ,riierel miler, pi,

l g the violi luel charge compressed ui rue compri f meer muy he delli" chaimhiir oi. the next succ cylinder to be exploded therein7 and' means name to this specification in the presence of Whilierely .each cylifllder alley be -1'oteted two subscribing Witnesses. t ougi a portion o a revaution to reverse the connections ofA the oondts and cause si. HERBERT SELATHEL HART' 5 reverse] in the direction of rotation of the Witnesses: engine. i R. M. LAMP,

In testimony whereof I have signed my C. F. SPOONER. 

